[Primary cerebral lymphoma diagnosed by the ophthalmologist]. / Diagnóstico de linfoma cerebral primario por el oftalmólogo.

CASE REPORT: A 20-year-old male, HIV positive, with myodesopsias (floaters) in both eyes for two weeks. Fundus examination revealed bilateral papillary oedema with peripapilar flame-shaped haemorrhages. The neuroimaging tests showed a cerebral mass in the left parietal lobe. The biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of lymphoid neoplasm. DISCUSSION: Primary lymphoma is the most common malignancy of the central nervous system (CNS) in AIDS patients, although highly active antiretroviral therapy has reduced its incidence. The ophthalmologist plays an essential role in the diagnosis of CNS neoplasm.

[Use of non-mydriatic retinography to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients]. / Estudio de prevalencia de retinopatía diabética en pacientes diabéticos mediante retinógrafo no midriático.

OBJECTIVES: To establish the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a sample of patients from "Health Area 3" in the Community of Madrid using non-mydriatic retinography and telemedicine. METHODS: All patients who had their ocular fundus examined due to one of the following conditions were included in the sample: type 1 diabetes (DM1), type 2 non- insulin-dependent diabetes (DM2NID), and type 2 insulin-dependent diabetes (DM2ID). In all cases, 3-field retinographies were taken of both eyes to be evaluated for the presence of DR, and its severity, by an ophthalmologist at the hospital. RESULTS: No DR was observed in 79% of the patients examined, 9% had a mild non-proliferative DR, 9% had a moderate non-proliferative DR, and 1% had a severe non-proliferative DR. The estimated prevalence of DR in "Health Area 3" of the Community of Madrid was thus 21%. In 12% of the examinations the retinographies were considered "low quality", thus requiring a second evaluation at hospital. CONCLUSIONS: The use of non-mydriatic retinography and telemedicine is an adequate method for the screening of DR among the diabetic population.

[Persistent corneal defects treated with botulinum toxin-induced ptosis]. / Ptosis inducida por toxina botulínica como tratamiento de los defectos corneales persistentes.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the use of botulinum toxin (BTX) induced ptosis in the treatment of corneal pathology. METHODS: We employed two BTX injections into the superior lid of 10 eyes (9 patients). We evaluated the degree of ptosis, its duration and the effect on the corneal lesion. RESULTS: Complete ptosis resulted in seven eyes and the corneal pathology resolved in all of them. There were no relevant complications. CONCLUSIONS: BTX treatment is a simple and safe technique for treating refractory corneal pathology. It has significant advantages over surgical tarsorrhaphy and is especially useful where the pathology does not require surgery.

[Anisocoria related to bupropion in migraine]. / Anisocoria producida por bupropión en paciente migrañosa.

INTRODUCTION: Bupropion is used to help people stop smoking. This drug can cause visual alterations but, up to now, its use was not associated with anisocoria. CASE REPORT: A 40 year-old woman with a personal history of migraines, presented with monocular mydriasis during treatment with bupropion. Both pupils dilated equally after a 5% cocaine test, and constricted equally after a 0.025% Pilocarpine test. The anisocoria disappeared after the treatment with bupropion was withdrawn. DISCUSSION: Bupropion inhibits neural uptake of norepinephrine and dopamine. Patients with migraine could have a minor unilateral sympathetic pupillary deficit. This deficit could cause hypersensitivity in the oculosympathetic pathway that could be stimulated with bupropion treatment. This feature could explain the mydriasis in our patient. Another explanation could be that bupropion could unmask a physiological anisocoria.

[Juxtapapillary capillary hemangioma and central serous retinopathy: description of a case with spontaneous resolution]. / Hemangioma capilar yuxtapapilar y retinopatía central serosa: descripción de un caso con resolución espontánea.

CASE REPORT: A patient presented with a unilateral decrease of visual acuity and was found to have a juxtapapillary capillary hemangioma by ophthalmoscopy (confirmed by fluorescein angiography) and atrophy in the retinal pigmentary epithelium with leakage points suggesting bilateral central serous retinopathy. Spontaneous resolution of the hemangioma, as well as the central serous retinopathy, subsequently occurred. DISCUSSION: The decrease of visual acuity in a patient with a juxtapapillary capillary hemangioma has been associated with complications from the lesion itself, but an association of central serous retinopathy, as a possible predisposing factor, has not been previously described.

Hemangioma capilar yuxtapapilar y retinopatía central serosa: descripción de un caso con resolución espontánea / Juxtapapillary capillary hemangioma and central serous retinopathy: description of a case with spontaneous resolution

Caso clínico: Paciente con pérdida de agudezavisual unilateral. Funduscópicamente se observóuna masa compatible con hemangioma capilar yuxtapapilar(confirmada mediante angiofluoresceingrafía)y alteración del epitelio pigmentario y puntosde exudación en polo posterior compatibles conretinopatía central serosa bilateral.En la evolución se produjo regresión espontáneatanto del hemangioma como de la retinopatía centralserosa.Discusión: La pérdida de visión en un paciente conhemangioma capilar yuxtapapilar se ha relacionadocon complicaciones derivados del mismo, nohabiendo sido descrita la asociación con retinopatíacentral serosa, como factor contribuyente

Case report: A patient presented with a unilateral ;;decrease of visual acuity and was found to have a ;;juxtapapillary capillary hemangioma by ophthalmoscopy ;;(confirmed by fluorescein angiography) ;;and atrophy in the retinal pigmentary epithelium ;;with leakage points suggesting bilateral central ;;serous retinopathy. Spontaneous resolution of the ;;hemangioma, as well as the central serous retinopathy, ;;subsequently occurred. ;;Discussion: The decrease of visual acuity in a ;;patient with a juxtapapillary capillary hemangioma ;;has been associated with complications from the ;;lesion itself, but an association of central serous ;;retinopathy, as a possible predisposing factor, has ;;not been previously described